Preguntas frecuentes

¿Atrapado en un problema en particular? Chequea primero algunos de los problemas más comunes en la sección de preguntas frecuentes.

Si aún no puede encontrar lo que está buscando, puede consultar nuestra página de soporte.

Material-UI es impresionante. ¿Cómo puedo apoyar el proyecto?

Hay muchas maneras de apoyar a Material-UI:

• Difunde la palabra. Evangelize Material-UI by linking to material-ui.com on your website, every backlink matters. Follow us on Twitter, like and retweet the important news. Or just talk about us with your friends.
• Give us feedback. Tell us what we're doing well or where we can improve. Please upvote (👍) the issues that you are the most interested in seeing solved.
• Ayuda a nuevos usuarios. Puedes responder preguntas en StackOverflow.
• Haz que los cambios sucedan.
  • Edit the documentation. Every page has an "EDIT THIS PAGE" link in the top right.
  • Report bugs or missing features by creating an issue.
  • Review and comment on existing pull requests and issues.
  • Help translate the documentation.
  • Improve our documentation, fix bugs, or add features by submitting a pull request.
• Apóyanos financieramente en OpenCollective. If you use Material-UI in a commercial project and would like to support its continued development by becoming a Sponsor, or in a side or hobby project and would like to become a Backer, you can do so through OpenCollective. All funds donated are managed transparently, and Sponsors receive recognition in the README and on the Material-UI home page.

¿Por qué mis componentes no se están renderizando correctamente en las compilaciones de producción?

But you shouldn't share a createGenerateClassName() between different requests: You need to provide a new class name generator for each request.

Para corregir este problema, todos los componentes de la página deben inicializarse de forma que sólo haya un generador de nombre de clase entre ellos.

Usted podría terminar usando accidentalmente dos generadores de nombre de clase en una variedad de escenarios:

• Usted accidentalmente ata dos versiones de Material-UI. Es posible que usted tenga una dependencia que no establece correctamente Material-UI como una dependencia en par.
• Estás usando StylesProvider para un subconjunto de tu árbol React.
• Usted está utilizando un agrupador que está dividiendo el código en una manera que crea múltiples instancias de generador de nombre de clase.

If you are using webpack with the SplitChunksPlugin, try configuring the runtimeChunk setting under optimizations.

Overall, it's simple to recover from this problem by wrapping each Material-UI application with StylesProvider components at the top of their component trees and using a single class name generator shared among them.

¿Por qué los elementos de posición fija se mueven cuando se abre un modal?

Scrolling is blocked as soon as a modal is opened. This prevents interacting with the background when the modal should be the only interactive content. However, removing the scrollbar can make your fixed positioned elements move. In this situation, you can apply a global .mui-fixed class name to tell Material-UI to handle those elements.

¿Cómo puedo desactivar el efecto de ripple globalmente?

The ripple effect is exclusively coming from the BaseButton component. You can disable the ripple effect globally by providing the following in your theme:

module.exports = {
    entry: {
+     vendor: ["@material-ui/styles"],
      app1: "./src/app.1.js",
      app2: "./src/app.2.js",
    },
    plugins: [
+     new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
+       name: "vendor",
+       minChunks:
      Infinity,
+     }),
    ]
  }

¿Cómo puedo desactivar las transiciones globalmente?

Material-UI uses the same theme helper for creating all its transitions. Therefore you can disable all transitions by overriding the helper in your theme:

import { createMuiTheme } from '@material-ui/core';

const theme = createMuiTheme({
  transitions: {
    // Então temos `transition: none;` everywhere
    create: () => 'none',
  },
});

It can be useful to disable transitions during visual testing or to improve performance on low-end devices.

You can go one step further by disabling all transitions and animations effects:

import { createMuiTheme } from '@material-ui/core';

const theme = createMuiTheme({
  components: {
    // Name of the component ⚛️
    MuiCssBaseline: {
      styleOverrides: {
        '*, *::before, *::after': {
          transition: 'none !important',
          animation: 'none !important',
        },
      },
    },
  },
});

Notice that the usage of CssBaseline is required for the above approach to work. If you choose not to use it, you can still disable transitions and animations by including these CSS rules:

*, *::before, *::after {
  transition: 'none !important';
  animation: 'none !important';
}

¿Tengo que usar JSS para dar estilo a mi aplicación?

No, it's not required. But this dependency comes built in, so carries no additional bundle size overhead.

You can use npm ls @material-ui/styles, yarn list @material-ui/styles or find -L ./node_modules | grep /@material-ui/styles/package.json commands in your application folder. If you think that the issue may be in the duplication of the @material-ui/styles module somewhere in your dependencies, there are several ways to check this.

When should I use inline-style vs CSS?

As a rule of thumb, only use inline-style for dynamic style properties. The CSS alternative provides more advantages, such as:

• auto-prefixing
• better debugging
• media queries
• keyframes

¿Cómo uso react-router?

We detail the integration with third-party routing libraries like react-router, Gatsby or Next.js in our guide.

¿Cómo puedo acceder al elemento DOM?

All Material-UI components that should render something in the DOM forward their ref to the underlying DOM component. This means that you can get DOM elements by reading the ref attached to Material-UI components:

// or a ref setter function
const ref = React.createRef();
// render
<Button ref={ref} />;
// usage
const element = ref.current;

If you're not sure if the Material-UI component in question forwards its ref you can check the API documentation under "Props" e.g. the Button API includes

The ref is forwarded to the root element.

indicating that you can access the DOM element with a ref.

I have several instances of styles on the page

If you are seeing a warning message in the console like the one below, you probably have several instances of @material-ui/styles initialized on the page.

It looks like there are several instances of @material-ui/styles initialized in this application. This may cause theme propagation issues, broken class names, specificity issues, and make your application bigger without a good reason.

Possible reasons

There are several common reasons for this to happen:

• You have another @material-ui/styles library somewhere in your dependencies.
• You have a monorepo structure for your project (e.g, lerna, yarn workspaces) and @material-ui/styles module is a dependency in more than one package (this one is more or less the same as the previous one).
• You have several applications that are using @material-ui/styles running on the same page (e.g., several entry points in webpack are loaded on the same page).

Duplicated module in node_modules

You can use npm ls @material-ui/styles, yarn list @material-ui/styles or find -L ./node_modules | grep /@material-ui/styles/package.json commands in your application folder. If you think that the issue may be in the duplication of the @material-ui/styles module somewhere in your dependencies, there are several ways to check this.

If none of these commands identified the duplication, try analyzing your bundle for multiple instances of @material-ui/styles. You can just check your bundle source, or use a tool like source-map-explorer or webpack-bundle-analyzer.

If you identified that duplication is the issue that you are encountering there are several things you can try to solve it:

If you are using npm you can try running npm dedupe. This command searches the local dependencies and tries to simplify the structure by moving common dependencies further up the tree.

If you are using webpack, you can change the way it will resolve the @material-ui/styles module. You can overwrite the default order in which webpack will look for your dependencies and make your application node_modules more prioritized than default node module resolution order:

  resolve: {
+   alias: {
+     "@material-ui/styles": path.resolve(appFolder, "node_modules", "@material-ui/styles"),
+   }
  }

Usage with Lerna

One possible fix to get @material-ui/styles to run in a Lerna monorepo across packages is to hoist shared dependencies to the root of your monorepo file. Try running the bootstrap option with the --hoist flag.

lerna bootstrap --hoist

Alternatively, you can remove @material-ui/styles from your package.json file and hoist it manually to your top-level package.json file.

Example of a package.json file in a Lerna root folder

{
  "name": "my-monorepo",
  "devDependencies": {
    "lerna": "latest"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@material-ui/styles": "^4.0.0"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "bootstrap": "lerna bootstrap",
    "clean": "lerna clean",
    "start": "lerna run start",
    "build": "lerna run build"
  }
}

Running multiple applications on one page

If you have several applications running on one page, consider using one @material-ui/styles module for all of them. If you are using webpack, you can use CommonsChunkPlugin to create an explicit vendor chunk, that will contain the @material-ui/styles module:

  module.exports = {
    entry: {
+     vendor: ["@material-ui/styles"],
      app1: "./src/app.1.js",
      app2: "./src/app.2.js",
    },
    plugins: [
+     new webpack.optimize.CommonsChunkPlugin({
+       name: "vendor",
+       minChunks: Infinity,
+     }),
    ]
  }

Mi aplicación no se procesa correctamente en el servidor

If it doesn't work, in 99% of cases it's a configuration issue. A missing property, a wrong call order, or a missing component – server-side rendering is strict about configuration, and the best way to find out what's wrong is to compare your project to an already working setup.

The best way to find out what's wrong is to compare your project to an already working setup. Check out the reference implementations, bit by bit.

CSS works only on first load then is missing

The CSS is only generated on the first load of the page. Then, the CSS is missing on the server for consecutive requests.

Action to Take

The styling solution relies on a cache, the sheets manager, to only inject the CSS once per component type (if you use two buttons, you only need the CSS of the button one time). You need to create a new sheets instance for each request.

example of fix:

-const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();

function handleRender(req, res) {

+ // Create a sheets instance.
+ const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();

  //… const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString(
  -// Create a sheets instance.
-const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();

function handleRender(req, res) {

+ // Create a sheets instance.

  + const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();

  //…
  const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString(
  const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString(
  const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString(
  const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString(
  -// Create a sheets instance.

React class name hydration mismatch

Warning: Prop className did not match.

There is a class name mismatch between the client and the server. It might work for the first request. Another symptom is that the styling changes between initial page load and the downloading of the client scripts.

Action to Take

The class names value relies on the concept of class name generator. The class names value relies on the concept of class name generator. This generator needs to behave identically on the server and on the client. Por ejemplo:

• You need to provide a new class name generator for each request. But you shouldn't share a createGenerateClassName() between different requests:

  example of fix:

  -// Create a new class name generator.
  -const generateClassName = createGenerateClassName();
  

function handleRender(req, res) {

• // Create a new class name generator. -const generateClassName = createGenerateClassName();

function handleRender(req, res) {

• // Create a new class name generator.

  • const sheets = new ServerStyleSheets();

  //… const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString( const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString( const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString( const html = ReactDOMServer.renderToString( -// Create a sheets instance.

• You need to verify that your client and server are running the exactly the same version of Material-UI. It is possible that a mismatch of even minor versions can cause styling problems. To check version numbers, run npm list @material-ui/core in the environment where you build your application and also in your deployment environment.

  You can also ensure the same version in different environments by specifying a specific MUI version in the dependencies of your package.json.

  example of fix (package.json):

  ```diff "dependencies": { ...

  • "@material-ui/core": "^4.0.0",

• "@material-ui/core": "4.0.0", ... },

• You need to make sure that the server and the client share the same process.env.NODE_ENV value.

¿Por qué los colores que veo son diferentes de lo que veo aquí?

The documentation site is using a custom theme. Hence, the color palette is different from the default theme that Material-UI ships. Please refer to this page to learn about theme customization.

Why does component X require a DOM node in a prop instead of a ref object?

Components like the Portal or Popper require a DOM node in the container or anchorEl prop respectively. It seems convenient to simply pass a ref object in those props and let Material-UI access the current value. This works in a simple scenario:

function App() {
  const container = React.useRef(null);

  return (
    <div className="App">
      <Portal container={container}>
        <span>portaled children</span>
      </Portal>
      <div ref={container} />
    </div>
  );
}

where Portal would only mount the children into the container when container.current is available. Here is a naive implementation of Portal:

function Portal({ children, container }) {
  const [node, setNode] = React.useState(null);

  React.useEffect(() => {
    setNode(container.current);
  }, [container]);

  if (node === null) {
    return null;
  }
  return ReactDOM.createPortal(children, node);
}

With this simple heuristic Portal might re-render after it mounts because refs are up-to-date before any effects run. However, just because a ref is up-to-date doesn't mean it points to a defined instance. If the ref is attached to a ref forwarding component it is not clear when the DOM node will be available. The above implementation could also not account for a change in the DOM node. In the example above, the Portal would run an effect once, but might not re-render because ref.current is still null. This is especially apparent for React.lazy components in Suspense.

This is why we require a prop with the actual DOM node so that React can take care of determining when the Portal should re-render:

function App() {
  const [container, setContainer] = React.useState(null);
  const handleRef = React.useCallback(instance => setContainer(instance), [setContainer])

  return (
    <div className="App">
      <Portal container={container}>
        <span>Portaled</span>
      </Portal>
      <div ref={handleRef} />
    </div>
  );
}

¿Para qué sirve la dependencia de clsx?

clsx is a tiny utility for constructing className strings conditionally, out of an object with keys being the class strings, and values being booleans.

Instead of writing:

// let disabled = false, selected = true;

return (
  <div
    className={`MuiButton-root ${disabled ? 'Mui-disabled' : ''} ${
      selected ? 'Mui-selected' : ''
    }`}
  />
);

you can do:

import clsx from 'clsx';

return (
  <div
    className={clsx('MuiButton-root', {
      'Mui-disabled': disabled,
      'Mui-selected': selected,
    })}
  />
);